Exporting and the Export Contract Translation Into Vietnamese Essay

The first reason is that the contract contains and covers all the terms which the two parties have come to the agreement. This means that any external document has to be expressly incorporated into the contract. Besides, This is to prevent any ambiguity about the status of any earlier agreements or understandings. Both parties shall only base on the contract to perform their obligations. The last point is to prevent any disagreements and dispute arsing from the difference between the previous drafts and the contract so that the contract can be immediately executed for both parties’ sakes ? A contract normally includes wording the following elements: †¢An entire agreement statement: a statement in the contract that the parties agree that the terms of the contract between them are to be found within the text of the contract document and nowhere else. All entire agreement clauses include this element †¢An exclusion of liability for misrepresentation: most entire agreement clauses include one or more of the following: – An acknowledgment by the parties that they have not relied on any representation which is not set out in the contract; – A statement excluding liability for misrepresentation

Ray Bradbury’s book The Illustrated Man Essay

Ray Bradbury’s book The Illustrated Man is a compilation of short stories that leads from one story to the next. Each story is a continuation of a new one; thereby producing a chronicle-like book. Specifically, there are two stories in the book that really made an impact on me, and they are namely The Veldt and The Rocket. The two short stories is a continuation of the other. Basically, the two stories revolve around their respective families and how they cope up with the struggles of every day living and trying to fulfill their domestic duties. The two stories are very different from one another in a sense that love for the family (and achieving it, for that matter) is told in a different angle. Bradbury shows that in the end, there are still many things in the world that cannot be simply bought.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the Veldt, the protagonist is portrayed by George Hadley. George Hadley is a very wealthy man. He is the father of Wendy and Peter and a husband to Lydia. Mr. Hadley is a very wealthy man; he works very hard to give the wants and needs of his family. Because of his richness, he built an automatic house for his family. Their house is one of the most ultra-modern houses that anyone can imagine. Consequently, he built this house in hope that it will solve some of their house problems since Lydia, Wendy and Peter does not want to do their household duties. Because of such, Mr. Hadley mounted different mechanical devices and machineries in their house. Literally, everything in the house is automatic—from the doors, comfort rooms, closets—everything. They even have a machine that helps the kids tie their shoelaces and the house can clean on its own; and even, the house can automatically take care of the children. Moreover, he installed a special nursery for the children in which the surroundings can be change anytime using their imagination. In the long run, the children and even Lydia becomes too dependent on the house and on the mechanical devices and machineries that Mr. Hadley installed. When Mr. Hadley found out about this, he tried to shut down all the machines in their house. Eventually, his wife and children found out about it and they became livid and angry to Mr. Hadley and it even came to a point that they almost want to kill him. This scenario happened because all the children and even Mrs. Hadley realized that it (the automatic house) became more important more than anything in their family.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It just goes to show that the Hadley family became more interesting in their house more than anything in the world. They did not even bother to think about the things that matter most in life like love, respect and trust. Admittedly, there are certain things in life that cannot be bought by all the riches in the world. No matter how rich Mr. Hadley is, still, he was not able to show his love for his family. His work demanded too much from him and that is why, to maintain the wants (more than the needs) of his family, he worked too hard to give then all they want. He thought that by giving them an automatic and ultra-modern house, he will be able to fill the gap in their relationships. But what he did not realize is that in the end, his family became more dependent and accustomed to their automatic house. This only implies that a big house or even the most expensive or the most modern gadgets in the world cannot level up to the love that a family have. In the story, Mr. Hadley had barely enough time to spend with his family (that is why his family enjoyed too much the house). He did not have any quality and meaningful time with them. When he found out that the house he built is enough for his family, it is only then that he realized that he is missing too much of a good thing in his life. He realized that his wife and children does not love him anymore and would rather choose to be in their special nursery than spend some time with him. Because of such, he was rewarded by â€Å"secrecy and disobedience† from his children (Bradbury).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On the other hand, â€Å"The Rocket’ is so much unlike the situation of the Hadley family. The lead character in the short story is named Bodoni. Naturally, his family does not have the amenities and means that the Hadley’s can afford. Their living condition is also so much different from the Hadley’s yet he is able to please his family’s wants and moreover, their needs. His family’s ultimate dream is to visit the planet Mars. To satisfy this dream, he works very hard just to satisfy their daily needs and in the hopes that he can save enough money so that he can bring all his family to Mars someday. After six years of hard labor, he was ready to tell his family of what their dreams have become; and because of this, the entire family got excited but they only got disappointed when he told the truth that he was only able to make three thousand dollars—which is barely enough to take one member of the family to Mars. With this reality in sight, the family got sad and just decided that they now do not want to go to Mars. Instead, the family debated and in the end, Bodoni decided to just buy an old rocket. He fixed the rocket and explained to his family that even though the rocket cannot fly to Mars, they can always inside it and just use their imagination about travelling to Mars. With his brilliant, Bodoni became â€Å"the best father in the world.† (Bradbury)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There is a very big difference in the family lives of the Hadley’s and Bodoni’s. In the Hadley’s case, he decided to build an automatic house for his family because he is very rich and he does not have enough time for them. He thought that by giving them that house, he will be able to show his love for his family. He showered his family all the material things that his money can buy. In the long run, the actual circumstance became his worst nightmare. The house became undoubtedly became the replacement of his absence in the house. Additionally, the special nursery in which Mr. Hadley built for his children became the author’s symbolism of Mr. Hadley’s absence. The house and the room became his substitute for his affections. When he wanted to shut it down, the children became angry at him because they already view the house as everything they ever needed. The children thinks that it is enough for them and they do not need nay love from their mother, especially their father because the house provides everything for them. What they do not realize is the fact that their father loves them dearly and only has the best intentions for them. It just so happened that he is too busy working. When he realized that the house seemed more important for the children than him, he decided that he wanted his children back but it was too late, the children already hates him. This story only shows that no matter what or how many material things you give or shower to your love ones, love and quality time cannot be bought by such things. What is more important is the time that you will be able to spend with your family and how you will be able to show your love for them. Money is easy to earn but love takes forever. Meanwhile, it is the contrast for the family of Bodoni. Even though they are not as rich as the Hadley’s, Bodoni works very hard just to achieve a life-long family dream which is to travel to Mars. He works night and day so that all the family members can go outer space but unfortunately, after six years of hard labor, he was just able to earn to take only one family member to Mars. After which, they just decided to buy an old rocket. Their rationale for buying it is that, every one in the family can fit and enter the rocket anytime they want. They just have to use their imagination to take them to Mars. In this story, family love is expressed obviously and so dearly. Even though he barely made earnings form his job, Bodoni was able to spend some quality time with his family. Because of this, his family (including his wife and children) understands him and even considers his plan to abandon their dream—but in the end, they gained something more important than seeing Mars—that is, they were able to share the love they have for each other by sharing   the same activities and discussing matters that involve the family. In the part wherein they discussed and deliberated on whether to buy or not a rocket, it shows that family opinion matters in their household. This means that every voice in the family is considered and is important. Through this, they were able to express their love, respect and commitment for each other and the future of their family. They were one in achieving their gamily dream and indeed, they were able to achieve it in a very special way.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   These two stories is typical scenario in our society these days. Many parents work so hard just to secure the material needs of their family and their family. The consequence of this lifestyle is that, parents then spend less time with their children and so much quality hours are thrown away. Practically speaking, there are many parents who cannot attend their children’s recitals, etc. because they have emergency meetings in their office. Because of such, they become guilty to children and to make up for those absences, they give them all their material needs and wants. What they fail to see and accomplish is that more than any material thing that the world and money can give, deep in the hearts of their children is a heart that longs for a real and euphoric kind of love and happiness. Then, there are also the kind of family in which they lack everything the world can offer (just the basic necessities) but they are the ones who are the happiest in the world. For them, money, wants and desires are not their priorities because they know in their hearts that they a gift of something so priceless that not even the richest man in the world can buy. They have the purest form of love for each other. For this kind of family, they only survive on the basic needs and the hope and love that they have for each other. It is therefore important to cherish every single moment that opportunity gives us to spend time with our love ones for we may never know what the future holds for us. We must think of it as if it is the last hours that we will be able to spend with them. Work Cited: Bradbury, Ray. â€Å"The Veldt.† The Illustrated Man. William Morrow, 1997. Bradbury, Ray. â€Å"The Rocket.†Ã‚   The Illustrated Man. William Morrow, 1997.

Auditing Theory and Risk Assessment †Free Samples for Students

Discuss About the Auditing Theory and Risk Assessment? Auditing has remained an indispensable practice in the corporate sector and other areas dealing with huge assessment of economics. The corporation’s capability to assess its development relies exclusively on auditing undertake within the company (Knechel et al. 2012). A great proportion of the operation within economic sector extremely depend on the auditing nature, consequently, numerous theories have since been advanced to help in the elimination of countless risks alongside crisis in auditing (Là ³pez and Peters 2012). Such approaches have been considered by global framework of financial reporting organization like GAAP alongside IFRS for guiding practices of auditing. Various policies have further been advanced to back auditors in making corrections on the risks that might face them throughout auditing (Humphrey and Miller 2012).    The feature of auditing alongside commitment of team of auditing guarantees the achievement of an establishment in the industry as well as global market. In the latest past, models such as going concern have been established. Implementing alongside practicing these specified matters stay within the auditors’ hands alongside the company management board (Herda and Lavelle 2014). The scope of this discussion stretches from the investigation of the application of such present issues in a Company called One.Tel in Australia. This company has run its operations in telecommunication industry beginning 1995, May following its launch in Sydney. This discussion additionally deliberates inherent risk in the One.Tel firm financial reports along with ongoing concern issue (Iwu and Xesha 2011). Inherent risk is among the audit risks under risks assessment management. Audit risk includes three classes of risks: inherent-, control- and detection risk.   Audit risk is regarded as the aftermath of the 3 risks exposed overhead. It might be met throughout auditing performance that in this context is One.Tel Telecommunication Company. Inherent risk is, consequently, a constituent of audit that is occasioned by substantial misstatement inside financial statement. Inaccuracy happens in a business’s audit statement because of embezzle application of essential measures of control (Chung et al. 2012). Inherent risks ascend typically as a result the omissions errors when balancing the books of the business. In One.Tel Company’s case, inherent risks might have ascended because of failures alongside control measures poor application.   The incidence of letdowns because of inherent risks might be due to oversight alongside deceitful practices. An upsurge in inherent risks happens as a result of certain factors inside the internal environment of the corporate. Factors which affect inherent risk at the financial report levelAuthenticity of management The rise in inherent risks in this Company could be due to the board of the Directorate incompetency. The management of the organization is comprised of nine memberships having dissimilar powers alongside privileges. The board is encompassed of 5 none-executive memberships making up the mainstream of the board memberships. Additional 4 executive memberships having a jam-packed mandate to all in the company (Coetsee 2010). The degree at which inherent risk is swelling in this company is extraordinary based on to the availed statement. The memberships are indebted to various duties including authorization of business and monetary strategies, recognizing and addressing issues of important facing One.Tel as a business, appraising as well as monitoring processes of management and reporting contrivances, overseeing financial performance alongside nomination of the executive management team. The business has full-grown to an edge whereby the management can never meet entire responsibilities. The directors are increasingly probable to hide their unfortunate statuses, consequently, dwindling to yield expressive statements throughout auditing resulting in a rise in the inherent risk as result of meager management (Iwu and Xesha 2011). The ineffectiveness in company management besides lack of knowledge escalates unsuitable financial report preparation leading to the rise in the inherent risk. When the auditor notices regular staff turnover in essential management positions, the inherent risk increases since truthful characters are probable to resign their management positions instead of propagating certain fraud. This frequently happens where the corporation expands swiftly as replicated in the circumstance of One.Tel Company (Herda and Lavelle 2012). There could be stimuluses for management to misrepresent the financial report snowballing the inherent risk. The incentives in can be moreover from the internal environment or the external environment (Kerler and Brandon 2010). The inducements could be cash-flow challenges, poor rationing of liquidity, unfortunate operation outcomes because of management restraint alongside work overstress along with assembly of management recompense pay structures linked to share capital as well as earnings. This could result in upsurge in inherent risk because management could be persuaded to misrepresent operation along with financial statements to obtain particular bonus. Many issues have already been recognized in the corporate or industry whereby One.Tel Company trades.   The business has a multifaceted investment association, which is the aid to rise inherent risk. The availability of associated-party dealings like the business stockholders would likewise raise inherent risk as the operations are never with the autonomous regulating party (Al Nawaiseh and Jaber 2015). The business has capital share dealings which necessitate increased financial knowledge to audit because such operations remain complex. Telecommunication businesses have perhaps compensations till they inaugurate a standing, alongside a dependable source of income shall be inherent risky. Telecommunication industry is faced with a challenge that needs the businesses in the industry to apply mechanism for controls to be steady and stay pertinent in this industry. New-fangled economies culminate high inherent risk compared steady economies. Differences in commercial as well as competitive surroundings would be expected to have a noteworthy impact on inherent risk of the company such as One.Tel in the telecommunication sector. Aspects like disparity in income and development in certain service providers of telecommunication could lead to an increase in inherent risk throughout financial statement arrangements. Through risk assessing phase the business audit team goes via the risks recognized comparable to the inherent risk discussed overhead. The auditor assesses the factors of the risks by fair evaluation (Martin 2013). Risks evaluation fallouts into two kinds of risks that in this circumstance is the inherent risk. The risk identified is a constituent of financial statement’s material misstatement inspired by numerous factors.   Factors linked to fraud could be recognized throughout development process of strategy while such factors that upsurge inherent risk owing to fraud recognizable through the AU s.316. In the circumstance in which account books necessitate vicissitudes, the inherent risk can remain high due to numerous errors brought onward. The oversight could happen resulting in a rise in the inherent risk where the accounts books are being attuned (Francis 2011). In case the transaction throughout a financial year is complex, it is probable that there shall be an upsurge in inherent risk. In contemplation of One.Tel Company, the accounts books designates multifaceted kinds of dealings like stockholder's inequality, dividend   and reserves could be challenging to comprehend culminating in extraordinary inherent risk at the level of accounting (Herda and Lavelle 2012). The type of judgment fronted by the auditor throughout the course of auditors balancing is probable to effect inherent risk. If the account report on a particular deal could be persuaded by certain factors inside the business (Reichelt and Wang 2010). Such judgments could be dictated by the kind of operation alongside the pressure on management. The company’s assets susceptibility to embezzlements or loss leads to augmented inherent risk level of accounting. Throughout the entries of transaction, it is obvious that modest embezzlement of an asset lead to augmented inherent risk. For example, taking asset misplacement to liability could result in surged inherent risk (Herd and Lavelle 2014). The noteworthy transactions occurrence throughout the financial year has a conceivable upsurge in the inherent risk (Skinner and Srinivasan 2012). Where an unacquainted transaction takes place specifically towards the end of financial year, there are tall probabilities of blunders accounts books. Such dissimilar processes could be a trial to the auditor alongside accountants. It could lead to huge inherent risk (Coetsee 2010). Where a particular transaction is thought-provoking, the auditors might end up wrongly placing items accounts books, therefore, upsurge inherent risk. The rate of an increase in the inherent risk is high at the accounting level when we make transactions which require unfamiliar processing. In the event of such case the auditor of a business entity like One.Tel Telecommunication Company may make mistakes leading to an increase in inherent risk (Knechel et al. 2012). The reporting framework of GAAP obligates the management to effect a hurried decision on the basis of going concern issue (Knechel et al. 2012). This concept builds on the assessment by the auditor whether low, high or medium in association to inherent risk alongside control risk (Francis 2011). The risk detection throughout the evaluation is pegged at the lowermost level to fix the audit risk at a rate endorsed. Slightest discovery of risk could be attained via enhancement of scope test (Knechel et al. 2012). It is obvious from the above discussion that a going concern might be either high, low or medium depending on the above three kinds of risks (Knechel et al. 2012). The going concern issue in relative to One.Tel’s case could be attributable to high. Inherent in financial statement of One.Tel is considered high because it operates under extremely controlled industry.   The One.Tel’s going concern in this situation, is regarded high (Chang, Dasgupta and Hilar 2009). Supplementary factors like detective alongside control risk appear high based on the of the business entity’s nature.    It remains apparent that the going concern rate be contingent increasingly on the type of risks presented in financial statement. In case of stumpy audit risk, the going concern nature remains stumpy while when the kinds of the risk is high or medium, it is either high or low. Irrespective of the correctness of such an assumption, it remain quite challenging to regulate the subsequent scenarios which could culminate in the unceasing going concern application (Knechel et al. 2012). The going concern nature in in One.Tel business depended on the stipulated financial framework application. The going concern nature must be correctly assessed (medium, high or low) as replicated in audit risk viewpoint. Additional variables including period of audit, auditor’s opinion, environment of business, alongside team of management further dictate the consideration of going concern (Al Nawaiseh and Jaber 2015). To sum up, it remains self-evident that maximum control risk issues might have been identified by the auditors. Nevertheless, the auditors did not report precisely as a result of external alongside internal pressures. A greater proportion of Australian auditors perceive furthermost risk aspects control of One.Tel as a thought-provoking task because of absence of independence of auditors (Al Nawaiseh and Jaber 2015). Factors of inherent risk could be monitored for timely management where control factors are availed. Assessment assumption of audit speaks to inherent, control as well as detective risk matters. One.Tel’s case discloses that auditors remain probable to address inherent risk throughout risk assessment because of restricted directors’ numbers (Chang, Dasgupta and Hilary 2009). Al Nawaiseh, M.A.L. and Jaber, J., 2015. Auditing subsequent events from the perspective of auditors: study from Jordan. International Journal of Financial Research, 6(3), p.p78. Chang, X., Dasgupta, S. and Hilary, G., 2009. The effect of auditor quality on financing decisions. The Accounting Review, 84(4), pp.1085-1117. Chung, J.O., Cullinan, C.P., Frank, M., Long, J.H., Mueller-Phillips, J. and O'Reilly, D.M., 2012. The auditor's approach to subsequent events: Insights from the academic literature. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 32(sp1), pp.167-207. Coetsee, D., 2010. A critical review of the effect of accounting for financial instruments on the accounting framework. Southern African Business Review, 10(1), pp.115-129. Coetsee, D., 2010. The role of accounting theory in the development of accounting principles. Meditari Accountancy Research, 18(1), pp.1-16. Francis, J.R., 2011. A framework for understanding and researching audit quality. Auditing: A journal of practice & theory, 30(2), pp.125-152. Herda, D.N. and Lavelle, J.J., 2012. Auditor commitment to privately held clients and its effect on value-added audit service. Auditing: A journal of practice & theory, 32(1), pp.113-137. Herda, D.N. and Lavelle, J.J., 2014. Auditing Subsequent Events: Perspectives from the Field. Current Issues in Auditing, 8(2), pp.A10-A24. Humphrey, C. and Miller, P., 2012. Rethinking impact and redefining responsibility: The parameters and coordinates of accounting and public management reforms. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 25(2), pp.295-327. Iwu, C.G. and Xesha, D., 2011. Used Bookstore as a Vehicle for Improved Learning and Development: The Case of a South Africans Tertiary Institution. Janvrin, D.J. and Jeffrey, C.G., 2007. An investigation of auditor perceptions about subsequent events and factors that influence this audit task. Accounting Horizons, 21(3), pp.295-312. Kerler, W.A. and Brandon, D.M., 2010. The effects of trust, client importance, and goal commitment on auditors' acceptance of client-preferred methods. Advances in Accounting, 26(2), pp.246-258. Knechel, W.R., Krishnan, G.V., Pevzner, M., Shefchik, L.B. and Velury, U.K., 2012. Audit quality: Insights from the academic literature. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 32(sp1), pp.385-421. Là ³pez, D.M. and Peters, G.F., 2012. The effect of workload compression on audit quality. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 31(4), pp.139-165. Martin, R.D., 2013. Audit quality indicators: Audit practice meets audit research. Current issues in auditing, 7(2), pp.A17-A23. Reichelt, K.J. and Wang, D., 2010. National and office?specific measures of auditor industry expertise and effects on audit quality. Journal of Accounting Research, 48(3), pp.647-686. Skinner, D. J. and Srinivasan, S. 2012. Audit quality and auditor reputation: Evidence from Japan. The Accounting Review, 87(5), 1737-1765. Thompson, T.R., 1960. Problems of Auditing Computing Data: Internal Audit Practice and External Audit Theory Section 1: Internal Audit. The Computer Journal, 3(1), pp.10-11. Unegbu, A.O., 2014. Theories of Accounting: Evolution & Developments, Income-Determination and Diversities in Use. arXiv preprint arXiv:1411.4633.

Develop the film Hot Fuzz (Edgar Wright, 2007) Essay

Develop the film Hot Fuzz (Edgar Wright, 2007) - Essay Example Simon Pegg, as well as, Edgar Wright has also acted in several films, thereby contributing towards enlightening the community through creation of awareness, education, as well as entertainment in global levels. The film stars Pegg as well as Nick Frost. In connection to the above, it is also of paramount importance to acknowledge the other characters who contributed to the establishment of the film entitled Hot Fuzz. Other than the listed above, the other people who contributed to the establishment of the film called Hot Fuzz includes Nira Park. It is of crucial significance to acknowledge the fact that Nira Park was the main producer of the film. Other than Nira Park, the other co-producers of the film entitled Hot Fuzz comprised of both Tim Bevan, as well as, Eric Fellner (Stevenson, 12). It is important to note that these are also among the top ranking personalities in the filming industry. Thus, they have made significant impacts in the film industry in the United Kingdom, thereby contributing towards enlightening the whole world through entertainment as well as awareness creation through the film actions. It is of crucial significance to understand the fact that the film entitles Hot Fuzz talks about two police officers who attempted to offer a solution to a series of social ills, involving offering solutions to a series of deaths that took place in mysterious manners in the English village. In the film, the English village has been depicted as one of the most unfriendly environments, full of criminals who can the levels of others in mysterious manners. The people inhabiting certain sections in the village are notorious criminals in the society, thereby linked to the causes of the mysterious deaths. As a result of the above, it was the responsibility of the police to determine the hidden information that formed the baseline of such mysterious deaths. Relevant to the above, the police officers did the much they could as observed in the film.

Lau v. Nichols Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Lau v. Nichols - Essay Example The situation was then addressed in Lau v. Nichols, which was instituted in 1974 as a remedy, but the decision did not specify a teaching method, and the approach could be "bilingual instruction, English as a second language (ESL) classes or some other approach" (Crawford, para. 1). This broad interpretation has caused a great deal of controversy over the years. Lau was intended to give limited-English-proficient students (LEP) the opportunity to gain the proficiency they needed, but, unfortunately, according to Crawford, a symposium held twenty years after Lau indicates there has been little improvement in the effort to create equity for LEP students. Without one specific method of teaching LEP students, the effort becomes lost, with well-designed programs staffed by qualified teachers available to only a fraction of LEP students. The term "bilingual education" has come to mean a "range of instructional programs for children whose native language is not English," while the best way to accommodate such children has been and continues to be an area of debate. As noted in a research project by the Westchester Institute in New York, the debate centers on the "role of native language in instruction-whether it should be used and for how long" (Westchester, para. 3). Supporters of native language instruction recommend aggressive development of the primary language prior to introduction of English, while proponents of all-English instruction feel that the English curriculum should be introduced at the very beginning of the student's school experience with minimal use of the native language (Westchester). English Immersion in California Public Schools If the use of bilingual education actually meant learning two languages equally well, it might be a feasible program for all students, not just LEP students. Unfortunately, the concept has not been incorporated in public schools, and according to Ron Unz, advocate of English-only instruction, what is called bilingual education actually consists of mostly Spanish language instructions with little English incorporated into teaching. Since over half of America's LED students were born in the United States with most of the remainder coming here at a young age, the argument that older students have a more difficult time learning English covers only a small percentage of LED students (Sailer). Comparing the English immersion program with the bilingual program, English-only instruction would appear to be more successful, not because it is necessarily a better program but because the bilingual method is not being well utilized. Respected author Maxine Hong Kingston was born in California and in her biographical novel Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts, she recognizes the language and cultural barriers she faced during her childhood. She attended both public school and Chinese school, and her family mostly consisted of Chinese immigrants, who labeled anyone not Chinese as "ghosts." The idea of a bilingual education at that time did not exist, and Kingston had to learn English in order to communicate with English-speaking students, teachers, and business people. Even so, for her, the cultural barriers were far more difficult to overcome. Propositions 227 and 203 Proposition 227, passed in 1998,

Health Promotion and Health Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Health Promotion and Health Education - Essay Example Obese children also are at increased risk for dyslipidemia, both increased low-density lipoprotein levels and decreased high-density lipoprotein levels (Leung & Robson, 1990). Longitudinal data from the Bogolusa Heart Study indicates a significant risk for developing type 2 diabetes for obese adolescents (Srinivasan, Bao, Wattigney, & Berenson, 1996). Among those who were obese as adolescents, 2.4% had developed type 2 diabetes by the age of 30 compared to none in the non-obese population. The detrimental health effects of obesity are pervasive and enduring. Strauss (1999) reported that being an obese adolescent predicted early mortality even more consistently than obesity in adulthood. The complications related to obesity in youths are not limited to physical health. Obesity in adolescents also has been associated with fewer years of education, higher poverty, lower marriage rates and lower family income (Dietz, 1997; Maffeis & Tato, 2001). However, evidence for an association between overweight and obesity and low self-esteem are inconsistent. Some studies have found no significant relationship (e.g., Gortmaker, 1993; Renman, Engstrom, Silfverdal, & Aman, 1999), while others find that those children and adolescents who are obese exhibit significantly lower self-esteem than their peers (French, Story, & Perry, 1995). Israel and Ivanova (2002) posit that severity of obesity is related to self-esteem with those more severely obese experiencing the most damage to their self-esteem. This hypothesis has been validated in the findings among clinical populations where self-esteem has been significantly related to obesity status (Rumpel & Harris, 1994). The most consisten tly replicated psychosocial outcomes for obesity relate to negative body image (Israel & Ivanvova, 2002). In addition, clinically significant problems with memory functioning and learning abilities have been found among overweight children. These deficits are seemingly the result of sleep apnea, which has been reported at rates as high as 94% among samples of obese children (Brenner, Kelly, Wenger, Brich, & Morrow, 2001). 5.2 Overview of the proposed program In light of the pressing and prevalent problems posed by obesity, the researcher has proposed a cardiovascular risk reduction program which aims at assessing the health behaviors of elementary school children and impacting changes on both a school level and individual level. On the school level, the program aims to decrease the fat and sodium content of the lunch received by elementary students during the course of the school day while simultaneously increasing the level of physical activity among those students. On an individual level, the proposed program aims to first and foremost decrease the level of cholesterol in the blood of the students while secondarily impacting psychosocial changes through mandatory self-reporting as well as behavior modification for aversive health maintenance behavior. Essentially, this proposed program examines the efficacy of school and home-based interventions in impacting changes in children's behavior and promotes a lifestyle that will reduce their risk of heart disease. This program will target both the

Three Strikes Law in South Florida Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Three Strikes Law in South Florida - Essay Example In the beginning of 1993, the federal government adopted a new approach in serving justice to repeat offenders. Twenty-three states adopted the three-strike law including South Florida. The version of the three-strike law varied from state to state, but the law generally reduced the judicial discretion through the mandating severe penalties for third felony convictions. The three-strike law had a limited impact in most states including South Florida on the federal system. This is evident from the fact that the number of convicted felons under the three-strike law was very little. The number of convicted felons under the three-strike law over fifteen states ranged between one and six people. Therefore, the effectiveness of the three-strike law was in question especially in south Florida. The lack of effectives of the three strike laws in South Florida was due to the poorly structured government drafted laws. This resulted in pressures to eliminate the three strike laws (Domanick, 2004). The three-strike laws in South Florida were expensive to implement. This is evident from the additional costs incurred for pre-conviction jail time. There are also more costs incurred in case processing and trials whereby defendants facing three strikes choose the option of going to trial as opposed to pleading guilty. There was also an increase in the number of the number of prison convictions on third and second counts. This resulted in overcrowding of prisons and hence more expenses incurred from prison building costs. Increased length of prison sentences has led to long-term costs. This is evident from the fact that the costs incurred from the incarceration of older prisoners are three times that of healthy younger inmates. The three-strike law did not have the expected effect on crime in South Florida and other states, in the United States. This is because of the reason that that repeat felons in South Florida were already faced with life sentences before sentencing under the th ree-strike law. The impact of the three strike laws was to imprison less serious offenders whereby they were subjected to longer sentences for less serious offences. The law also affected less serious offenders such that it resulted in the longer sentences being served to offenders, as they are aging from their crime prone years (Three strikes law: sentencing: statute, 2007). The three-strike law had uneven and unintended impacts in South Florida. One of the impacts is witnessed from the long-term prison sentencing of less serious crimes. This effect was witnessed throughout the states implementing the three-strike law. The application of the three strike law had and uneven implementation depending on the state jurisdictions. Hence, this has resulted in bargaining and pleas from defendants, which come off as a hindrance to justice. This fact alone has resulted in the pressure to eliminate the three-strike law in South Florida. The three-strike law promoted racial disparity. This is evident from the fact that the fact that the impact of the three strike convictions were observed to disproportionately affect the African-Americans. This was observed in the South Florida the number of convicted African-American felons increased with the strikes of convictions. Hence, this comes off as a racial bias in the implementation of justice within the federal system. This therefore resulted in the elimination of the three-strike law in South Florida (Shichor, 1996). The application of the three-strike law had a very insignificant effect on the deterrence of crime in South Florida. This is due to the reason that the threat of punishment under the three-s

The Design of Health and Safety Control Systems Assignment

The Design of Health and Safety Control Systems - Assignment Example â€Å"It is an employer's duty to protect the health, safety and welfare of their employees, and other people who might be affected by their business. Your employer must do whatever is reasonably practicable to achieve this† (â€Å"Your Employer’s Responsibilities, 2011, pgh. 2). This includes the fact that the gas emitted from the spray makes people drowsy. If that is the case, and people are going to have to go down in the tunnel, it should be a team of people who are working on this project. There should be support in terms of physical support, and the gentlemen working on the project should have walkie-talkies. Not only that, but they should make sure to wear all appropriate and proper protective gear for this project. This would include whatever kind of suit is needed to go down into the tunnel and spray this highly toxic (and potentially flammable) sealant. Since the subterranean chamber is located in the middle of a field, the area surrounding the work area shou ld be completely examined by the company that is going to be doing the work in order to ensure that there are no problems with the ground surrounding the area in which the work is to be completed. Additionally, the area should be assured that it is secure to work within before any work is ever started. â€Å"A check should also be carried out to ensure that there are no cellars, underground watercourses, ground conditions or made up or soft ground, etc., which could create hazards during the operation† (Construction Confederation, 2008, pp. 8F-3). This is to ensure that there will be no cave-ins during the project, which could herald an early death for the person going into the subterranean chamber. The person must definitely have radio contact of some sort with the outside world, and in addition to proper gear—obviously the ground around the work area must be checked for its stability. If the stability of the subterranean chamber or its immediate environs is in any wa y compromised, that chamber should be considered dangerous and unsuitable for being checked by humans. In that case, what might happen is that, if it is unsuitable for a person to complete, perhaps a machine might be able to be deployed in order to do the job. If the job is too difficult for a machine to do as well, what might be considered the best option is for the subterranean chamber to be sealed up with concrete due to the cracks being too severe to be fixed by human design. If that is the case, it is not worth putting human lives in danger in order to solve a problem that is that difficult. Not only this, but, perhaps—rather obviously—the farmer must give his permission for the work to be done since it is on his property (if there is work to be done), unless the tunnel is not part of what he owns and is part of the public domain. Either way, he will have to be notified that construction is going to have to take place outside of his property. Operation #2 Recommen dations (475 words) The employee who is made to tidy up the designated are near the junior school in the suburbs of a small town should first consult a landscape architect as to how the landscaping would be carried out. â€Å"All municipalities operating a form-based code must have professional design expertise on staff in the person of an urban designer, architect or landscape architect, or else a design consultant retained to work with elected

Managing projects Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing projects - Essay Example Consequently, a new body of knowledge was evolved, which came to be known as Project Management. Over the years, the science of Project Management has developed enormously and many scholars and practitioners have introduced various tools and techniques to enrich it. Internet, computers, project management software etc have accelerated the pace of development of project management. Successful completion of project on time with the use of limited resources and minimum cost is the main objective of project management. But, project management in modern times is no longer possible by paying attention towards resources, cost and time alone. The project managers are forced to look beyond time, cost and resources. The traditional tools and techniques such as Gantt chart, PERT/CPM networks became powerless and attainment of project objective remained a dream for the competent project managers. A careful analysis has been made in various areas of project management and finally reached a way-ou t that project managers need to have a check on the rapidly changing environment in which the project needs to be materialized. The present essay looks on various aspects of project management and the intricacies of project management in the modern rapidly changing project environment. The term ‘project Management’ has been defined by authors in different ways. There is no unanimity among the academicians and practitioners concerning the activities and the scope of a project manager and hence, about definition. The following definition seems to be a typical one. â€Å"Project management is the process by which projects are defined, planned, monitored, controlled and delivered such that the agreed benefits are realized. Projects are unique, transient endeavors undertaken to achieve a desired outcome. Projects bring about change and project management is

Treaty of Paris Dbq Essay Example for Free

Treaty of Paris Dbq Essay The Treaty of Paris In the late nineteenth century, America was involved in an insurrection called the Spanish American War. Trying to end the fghting, a small group was sent to negotiate a treaty with Spain. The treaty called for the surrender of Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines to the United States. However, not everyone advocated this treaty. There were many factors that were debated during the ratification of the Treaty of Paris. The deciding factors of ratification were McKinleys unsuccessful attempts at revising the treaty, the upholding of the constitution and McKinleys President McKinley weighed many alternatives to campaign in America. annexation, but none were deemed as excellent ideas. First he proposed that he simply give them to another nation. Many nations including: Germany, Great Britain, Japan and Russia expressed interest in the area, but McKinley knew that the Philippines would fall if placed in their hands. He thought about independence, but was quickly persuaded out of the idea by Christian groups and the instability of the country. Many people, including Theodore Roosevelt, thought that it was the white mans burden to Christianize the Filipinos, as stated in Kiplingss poem. Take up the White Mans burdenSend forth the best ye breedGo bind your sons to exile, To serve your captives need; To wait in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wildYour new-caught, sullen peoples, Half-devil and half-child. (Doc l). This poem shows how these people wanted to annex the Philippines Just to convert the natives. William Jenning Bryant stated to the New York Times that it will be easier to end the war at once by ratifying the treaty and then deal with the subject in our own way (Doc C). There were many different opinions on what to do with the Philippines, but he saw his was the best way to put an end to the conflicts. With the war over, he thought it would be easier to decide what to do with them. The opponents of the Treaty of Paris had only one thing in mind, the constitution. They thought that annexing any country was unconstitutional. Senator George F. Hoar stated When you raise the flag over the Philippine Islands as an emblem of dominion and acquisition, you take it down from Independence Hall The power to conquer alien peoples and hold them in subjection is nowhere expressly granted (Doc. F). Hoar, like many others, did not ee the profits of annexing these countries, and thought the government was stretching the limits on their expressed powers. These views were headed by the Anti-lmperialist League, which was centered in New England. They were weakened primarily because they lacked a coherent program. Some called for annexation of Puerto Rico and Hawaii, but not the Philippines. Some wanted to use them as naval bases, and some wanted nothing to do with any of these countries. This was the primary opposition to the Treaty of Paris. With all of this opposition, McKinley tried to rally for ratification. He began touring the South and consulted closely with the senators. Many people were appalled at how McKinley and other members of working this treaty through the senate but all the railroad influence, which is being worked through Elks, all the commercial interest which can be reached are bringing pressure on Senators in the most shameful manner (Doc. L). This quote from Senator Arthur P. Gorman shows how there were many outside influences on the voting. People were also not voting with their beliefs, they were voting with their pocketbooks. Arthur P. Dunn discovered that people were being bribed into voting or the legislation. McEnery was promised the appointment of US Judge of his choice, McLaurin was won over by being allowed to name postmasters in the state, Kennet was squeezed by some sort of court proceeding in his state and had to vote for the treaty (Doc. Q). These acts eventually led to the ratification of the Treaty of Paris. The Treaty of Paris was not popular with some people in the country. The Anti- Imperialist League tried their best to stop it from being passed. There were many factors that were debated during the ratification of the Treaty of Paris. The deciding actors of ratification were McKinleys unsuccessful attempts at revising the treaty, the upholding of the constitution and McKinleys campaign in America. McKinley tried proposing other options to annexation, but none seemed like they would deliver positive outcomes. The Treaty of Paris was not popular with some people in the country. The Anti-lmperialist League tried their best to stop it from being passed, but they could not organize well enough to fight the legislation. McKinley eventually toured the country, trying to gain support, and it was this act which led to the ratification of the Treaty of Paris.

Self Managed Teams And High Performance Work Practices Business Essay

Self Managed Teams And High Performance Work Practices Business Essay HRM Coursework:-Discuss and analyze how an organization can achieve a connection a between its strategic and human resource management. Introduction: The aim of this assignment is to analyze the relationship between Strategic and Human resource management (HRM). It explores the developing role of HRM in providing a strategic dimension to an organization. This essay identifies a number of critical organizational behaviors in corporations that seek to inter-link its HRM practices with its strategy. Companys Strategies should be formulated by considering the human resource aspects and the human resources should be managed based on the companys strategies. In fact, the consequences of liberalizations, privatization and globalization viz., competition, Quality, low cost, high speed in delivery, customization and customer relationship, made the CEOs of Various companies to include the human resource aspects in the strategic management process and manage the human resources based on the companies strategies. As such, strategic human resource management gained its significance in the post liberalization period. Now, human resource manager, in most of the companies, is a member of strategic management team. (Ref P. Subba Rao book) Strategy (ref P. Subba Rao book) Increasing the sales of Suzuki by 1lakh motor cycles in 2012 is one of the objectives of the company. It can be attained by increasing the fuel efficiency, reducing the price of the through reducing the production costs or by improving the design etc. Increasing the fuel efficiency or reducing the costs are the strategies. Strategy, in simple terms, is a unified course of action to achieve the goal. Glueck defined the strategy as Unified, comprehensive and integrated plan designed to ensure that the basic objectives of the enterprise are achieved Henry Mintzberg views that strategy need not be the outcome of rational planning. With this view, Mintzberg defines strategy as, a pattern in a stream of decisions or actions The pattern of decisions or actions is aimed at achieving the goals and objectives of the company. Human resource management The function within an organization that focuses on recruitment, management and providing direction for the people is known as Human resource management. It also deals with issues related to people such as hiring, compensation, employee motivation, performance management, safety, wellness, training, benefits, administration, communication and organizational development. HRM manages the relationship between the management and the employees. Whatever definition we use for defining HRM, It is all about people in organizations. No wonder, in some MNCs (Multinationals) HR managers are called People managers. Nowadays, HR manager or People manager is no longer seen doing the activities or work described in the traditional way. In fact, most organizations have different teams dealing with payroll, retention and staffing etc. The HR manager is responsible for managing employee fulfillment and realization of management objectives. Difference between Strategic HRM and HRM Human resource management is a strategic approach to the management of employees. As explained earlier, it mainly deals with the recruitment, compensation etc. There are no specific rules for HRM whereas in Strategic HRM, there are specific rules specified for specialized fields. SHRM mainly focuses on programs with long term objectives. Unlike the traditional HRM, Strategic management uses many strategic methods and systematic tools for increasing employee motivation and productivity. The strategic HRM represents the latest shift that explains how the continuing training and development of employees can directly contribute to wider performance and function of the firm. (See Delery and shaw, 2001; Mathis and Jackson, 1999). Armstrong (2006a) explains the above notion in a brief summary by stating that: The Fundamental aim of strategic HRD is to enhance resource capability in accordance with the belief that the human capital of an organization is a major source of competitive advantag e. It is therefore about ensuring that the right quality people are available to meet present and future needs. This is achieved by producing a coherent and comprehensive framework for developing people. Whereas HRM realizes the important contribution employees make to the life of the corporation but does not make a direct impact to its performance. SHRD argues how an organization where employees realize new opportunities of growth and where they are able to utilize new potential represents an interrelated link with the working of the organization and its performance. SHRM argues that the role of the employees should be managed and aligned to the wider corporate objective of its management. Performance Appraisal Performance appraisal is a process of assessing the performance of an Employee compared to the standard/pre-determined level set by the organization according to its objectives. Performance appraisal indicates the level of desired performance by the employer, actual performance of the employee and the gap between these two. Performance appraisal is useful for deciding upon employee promotion, salary determination etc but recent developments in the human resources management indicate that performance appraisal is the basis for employee development. The basic objective of Performance appraisal is to take a measurable account of its employees with positive or negative performance so that the organization is able to have a better control over its operations and accordingly forecast work. Armstrong explains how Performance management reviews provide the inputs required to create personal or team development plans, and to many people performance management is essentially a development proc ess. Performance reviews can, however, produce data in the form of individual ratings, which may be used as the basis for performance-related pay decisions. Performance appraisal can be of benefit if it is exercised in a positive way, even though measuring of performance is a positive way in detecting strengths and weaknesses of an employee such kind of exercises can be perceived as intimidating by the employees leading to issues like demotivation and lack of enthusiasm at work. According to Wiese and Buckley (1998) some of the advantages of a performance appraisal system are that it facilitates organizational decisions such as rewards and recognitions, promotion/demotions, layoffs/recall and transfers. It may also assist managers in developing employees. It serves to assist individual employees decisions regarding career choices and the subsequent direction of individual time and effort. Additionally, performance appraisals may increase employee commitment and satisfaction due to improvements in organizational communication. The exercise of PA systems play a very important role in organizations that seeks to integrate HRM with its strat egy because of the belief that managing and assessing the performance of each employee has a direct relation with the performance of the corporation as a whole. It is a very essential process to understand and improve the employees performance through HRD (Human Resource development). The process of HRD helps the employees to develop technical, behavioral knowledge, skills and abilities, beliefs and attitudes necessary to perform and attain future goals. Performance appraisal is the basis for HRD. The question however arises what kind of performance will be appropriate to produce the required satisfaction amongst employees in order to get positive performance as well as point out areas of improvements when weaknesses are detected? Many authors support the argument across a wide spectrum that Performance appraisal systems, cannot in themselves, become a positive resource for improvement in the organization. Performance management system can be manipulated by the members of the organization. For example, the line manager can deliberately give low scores to an individual if the person has any personal grudges against him/her, to send a message to someone that they should consider leaving the organization to speed up termination. All of the above features indicate how people deploying the performance appraisal can use it in a number of ways and according to their interests. Self-Managed Teams and High Performance work practices. Self-Managed Teams are believed to contribute to an increase of input and efficiency and it has become a popular way of organizing an employees working environment. It said that by being self-managed, employees get a greater sense of responsibility which leads to a more innovative decision making and greater performance. In using the work by Sirking (1993) Elmuti (1997) argues that Self-Managed Teams programmes can produce greater satisfaction, reduced costs, faster and better decision making, improved pricing, and increased market share. Elmuti (1997) makes the distinction between two most popular approaches to self managed teams, namely a) work teams and b) problem solving teams. Elmuti (1997) argues that A problem-solving team is similar to a taskforce in that it is formed for temporary purposes. While problem solving teams are temporary, work teams, which are used by two-thirds of US companies, tend to be permanent. Rather than attack specific problems, a work team does day to day work activities In addition to the above, the study of self-management has been an issue because of lack of appreciation from the management for the employees contribution and decision making. The question remains of whether the hard work and commitment of the employee is evaluated and recognized by the organization. From the above discussion, we understand that the use of Self-Managed teams can be a win-win situation, when the individual contribution to the organization is being recognized by exercising proper evaluation process. It can also be a loss-win situation for the employees when they do not get any profit from their innovative ideas which help the organization. At the same time, it can also be loss-win situation for the organization when the employees do not take advantage of their independence and become unproductive for the organization. High Performance work practices. The study of SHRM focuses on high performance work practices (HPWP) because it can lead to higher level of performance when implemented. De Waal (2007) argues that high performance organizations (HPO) share some certain characteristics like strong financial results, satisfied customers and employees, high levels of individual initiative, productivity and innovation, aligned performance measurement and reward systems, and strong leadership. There is not much difference between HPWP and HRM, In fact HPWP aims at strengthening specific set of relationship within HRM practices. Huselid argues that certain criteria must exist if human resources are to be a source of competitive advantage: first, the individual performance significantly affects the organizations productivity; second, that the skills must be rare, and finally that the human capital is difficult to imitate. Performance Management (PM), Learning and Change Management. Performance Management system is the associated with measuring the employees performance against the criteria introduced by the management or from the discussion with the employee. Organizations operating in the service sector (e.g. Call Centre) often want to measure whether the employee initiated proper contact with the customer, whether all questions asked by the customer was answered in a professional manner resembling the values and principles of the organization. Authors argue that PM should not only point out the different targets to be met by the employee but also provide the necessary learning structures so employees are able to develop the right competencies to meet them. Kirkpatrick, (2006) also argues that In an extensive study on performance reviews, researches at general electric came to the following conclusion: Implicit in performance appraisal programs are now structured and include two distinct objectives: 1) letting a person know where he or she stands via ratings a nd salary actions, and 2) Motivating him or her to improve The learning or change management is about introducing employees to new or different knowledge areas that needs to be developed in order for them to meet their targets. Armstrong (2006b) rightly argues how: Discussions takes place on ways in which the individuals role could be developed so that it becomes more challenging from the view point not only of new tasks to be accomplished but also need to acquire or extend knowledge and skills to carry out those tasks. A-One Bakery A-One bakery is one of the leading bakeries in the Indian Market. They have approx 800shops nationwide; it has been maintaining a reputation for freshness and quality for years now and because of this A-One has won a trust of many customers, overtime. Rolls, Samosas, pastries, Cake, doughnuts and soft drinks are some of the products it deals with. There are many small shops and malls where A-One supplies its freshly made products hence due to the difficult logistics demand, employees play a critical role in the large selling and manufacturing targets. In order to achieve customer satisfaction one of the important activities of A-One is that it keeps a personal interaction with the customers at the time of selling despite the fact of distribution of products from the central bakery around the country. By examining the companys published information and report. It is clear that A-Ones envisaged expansion is achieved by not positioning the role of its employees at a strategic level. The companys function which is not perceived as critical is supported by the role of employees. The image of the corporation is improved by the involvement of the employees within the wider community. In addition to that, little information is provided by the company about the competencies and skills that might be needed by the employees in order for them to apply it in different depts. Reference is made to different sections such as: Marketing, purchasing, food/health and safety, finance, IT etc. Even though the above presentation of A-One bakeries treatment of its employees might not reflect the working of its staff environment, it is clear that the strategic importance on its people is not placed by the company. In contrast, the corporation emphasizes more on expansion of its products, marketing practices, opening or more stores worldwide and use of more robust advertising. The company would have positioned the areas of employee development, learning and training as more central to its growth. Creating a more strategic HRM focus. After examining a number of key areas constituting important strategic approach to HRM, It can be argued that A-One bakeries is able to incorporate some of the traditional practices in order to provide a more strategic edge to its recruitment and retention of employees. For identifying the areas of improvement and strengths, there can be a performance appraisal system introduced. More explicit areas of improvement within its HRM can be identified by the company that would be supplemented with the strategy to be committed in addressing the identified needs. Similar to the marketing and advertisements, a specific budget should be introduced for training and development of employees. There is absence of different forms of empowerment and involvement even though distinction is made by the company in regards to the working environment. Instead of following the traditional way of HRM, they could be rewarding the innovative role of its staff and how they have contributed towards the company s growth and current achievements. Despite of the recruitment of large number of employees, it can be surprising to know that the presentation of the targets by the company is loosely defined. A-One bakery might be serious about its performance targets and growth but they should communicate this clearly and explicitly to the current and future employees. Conclusion. The aim of this assignment has been to analyze how an organization can achieve a connection a between its strategic and human resource management. This Essay argued that the changing role of HRM is an indication of the development of Strategic HRM as compromising a much more critical role than it did in the past. This essay identified four areas which are critical for developing a strategic approach to HRM and also provided a literature review on them. All of the above practices aim at providing a more explicitly measured as well as managed role and performance of the employees. The improvement of the corporation as a whole is believed to be a result of training and development of the employees. By examining the case of A-One bakery, this essay identifies how an organization does currently possess a strategic focus on its HRM practices. The employees are seemed to be treated as functional role providers translating into the manufacturing and selling practices. In order to develop a s trategic focus to its HRM functions, A-One needs to be more committed towards training and development as it is an important perquisite to its wider corporate performance.

The Gang Issue of America Essay -- Legal Issues, Crimes

Gangs are very dangerous to everyone in society. â€Å"Gangs are groups of people (mostly young males) who band together for protection and a sense of belonging. The U.S. Department of Justice officially defines a youth gang as a group of young people involved in criminal activity† (Gangs 1). About one million gang members are in more than 20,000 criminally active gangs in the United States. Also, that group of about one million people is accountable for up to eighty percent of our nation’s crimes. Since 2005, gangs have nationally added about 200,000 members to the already high total (Targeting Gangs 1). This is why more action from the community needs to be taken to help with the growing gang-related crimes here in America. Additionally, what kinds of people are in gangs? To begin with, Latinos make up forty-nine percent of gang member population; African-Americans, thirty-four percent; White, ten percent; Asian, six percent; and the other one percent is just the â€Å"other† category (â€Å"Facts About Gangs† 109). Also in 1996, the National Youth Gang Survey stated that members of gangs were fifty percent adolescents (under eighteen years of age) and fifty percent were adults (eighteen or older). In that survey during 2006, the number of juveniles dropped to only being thirty-six and one half percent of members, on the other hand, the percentage of adult gang members consisted of sixty-three and one half percent of the gang population (Gangs 1-2). Gang members wear similar types of clothing; which is a T-shirt, tennis shoes, and either nicely creased blue jeans or khaki Dickies (baggy men's pants or shorts). Also a member usually has a patterned bandana hanging out of his back pocket; also around his pants is a cloth belt that almost re... ... possible that gangs and gang violence will be stopped completely. With help from the communities in every city and town it is possible to stop and decrease the excessive number of gang members and gang-related crimes. We need to remember that there are many possible ways to help decrease the population size of gangs in America. Some different alternatives to being in a gang are alternatives in the school and community, educational programs for parents and children, and arresting some hard-core gang members and leaders. It is necessary for the safety of the future American citizens to start the process of controlling and containing gangs now. Without helping stop gang membership, America will become more violent and dangerous for innocent people. This is why more action from the community needs to be taken to help with the growing gang-related crimes in America.

Ernest Hemingway Essay -- essays research papers

Ernest Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899 in a small community of Oak Park, Illinois. He was the second child out of six, with four sisters and one brother. The area Ernest grew up in was a very conservative area of Illinois and was raised with values of strong religion, hard work, physical fitness and self-determination. His household was a very strict one that didn’t allow any enjoyment on Sundays and disobedience was strictly punished. Ernest’s father taught him good morals and values that he if he followed that he would be good in life. His father also taught him to hunt and fish around the Lake Michigan area and to love nature. The family would spend their summers in the wilderness and their winters back near Chicago. For the rest of his life Hemingway remained an avid fisherman and never lived far form a fishing hole. The outdoors is where he created a lot of his work, and a place where he got a lot of his inspiration from. Hemingway went to school in the Oak Park public school system where he wrote for the High School paper. Hemingway graduated high school in 1917 and then he took a job as a reporter for the Kansas City Star. This was against his parent’s wishes of him going to college to become a professional. While Hemingway worked for the Star, he learned to elaborate more and polished his writing ability positively. He found out after awhile that writing for the newspaper wasn’t for him. He had tried to join the military after he had graduated from high school b...

Silent prayer :: essays research papers fc

A majority of Americans have been exposed to or heard of marijuana. Marijuana is a common drug among all age groups of Americans. It was once legal and still popular. The US government and citizens have now raised the question if this party drug that is know to relax the body and mind should be legalized in the United States (â€Å"What are the Pro’s and Con’s of Marijuana Use† par. 1). Marijuana is derived from the dried leaves of a hemp plant called cannabis sativa. Already legal for medicinal use in California and Arizona, many are trying to make marijuana available to all Americans of legal age. The debate on the legalization of marijuana has been going on for several years within the government. The reason why this issue has been so hard to resolve is that there is a multitude of arguments supporting both sides of the debate. Money plays an important role in supporting the legalization of marijuana. Possession of marijuana as a criminal offense costs the taxpayers billions of dollars. This money goes into anti-drug advertisement and action plans, the enforcing of the law, and also all the money spent to keep all the marijuana drug offenders in the prison system (Libertarian Party 7). It could be better used for action against drugs that are more harmful than marijuana like crack cocaine, LSD, or heroin. These drugs pose a bigger health threat than marijuana (Libertarian Party 7). 2 Health issues are also an important aspect when arguing that marijuana should be legalized. There is never any guarantee as to the contents of the marijuana that is being bought off of drug dealers. Chances are that marijuana can contain many other various substances that are even worse for one’s health (Libertarian Party 4). If the government were to have control of the production of marijuana, the need for drug dealers would be eliminated, and the product that the consumers are receiving would be more pure (â€Å"What are the Pros and Cons of Marijuana Use†). The government control of marijuana would offer several other advantages. The cost of marijuana would be much lower if the government controlled the sell of it. Usually drug dealers charge very high prices for marijuana to satisfy their own greed. If marijuana were legalized, users would be purchasing marijuana from the government. It would be easier for the government to keep marijuana out of the hands of minors and eliminate the influences of black markets. Silent prayer :: essays research papers fc A majority of Americans have been exposed to or heard of marijuana. Marijuana is a common drug among all age groups of Americans. It was once legal and still popular. The US government and citizens have now raised the question if this party drug that is know to relax the body and mind should be legalized in the United States (â€Å"What are the Pro’s and Con’s of Marijuana Use† par. 1). Marijuana is derived from the dried leaves of a hemp plant called cannabis sativa. Already legal for medicinal use in California and Arizona, many are trying to make marijuana available to all Americans of legal age. The debate on the legalization of marijuana has been going on for several years within the government. The reason why this issue has been so hard to resolve is that there is a multitude of arguments supporting both sides of the debate. Money plays an important role in supporting the legalization of marijuana. Possession of marijuana as a criminal offense costs the taxpayers billions of dollars. This money goes into anti-drug advertisement and action plans, the enforcing of the law, and also all the money spent to keep all the marijuana drug offenders in the prison system (Libertarian Party 7). It could be better used for action against drugs that are more harmful than marijuana like crack cocaine, LSD, or heroin. These drugs pose a bigger health threat than marijuana (Libertarian Party 7). 2 Health issues are also an important aspect when arguing that marijuana should be legalized. There is never any guarantee as to the contents of the marijuana that is being bought off of drug dealers. Chances are that marijuana can contain many other various substances that are even worse for one’s health (Libertarian Party 4). If the government were to have control of the production of marijuana, the need for drug dealers would be eliminated, and the product that the consumers are receiving would be more pure (â€Å"What are the Pros and Cons of Marijuana Use†). The government control of marijuana would offer several other advantages. The cost of marijuana would be much lower if the government controlled the sell of it. Usually drug dealers charge very high prices for marijuana to satisfy their own greed. If marijuana were legalized, users would be purchasing marijuana from the government. It would be easier for the government to keep marijuana out of the hands of minors and eliminate the influences of black markets.

Customer Value- Apple Inc.

How Apple Can Keep Its Value By Saul Hansell It’s official. Apple is the most valuable computer maker in the world. In the wake of the company’s better than expected earnings in the quarter ended Sept. 30, Apple’s shares rose by nearly 7 percent, making the company’s total market value $162 billion. That edges out I. B. M. , which is worth $155 billion. Apple also surged past Intel, worth $156 billion, and Nokia, the most valuable cellphone maker, which is worth $150 billion. Indeed, Apple is now the fourth most valuable technology company, after Cisco ($189 billion), Google ($208 billion), and Microsoft ($290 billion). [pic]Apple’s stock Apple, interestingly, has something in common with these other companies. They all draw their power from software. Microsoft sells software in a box. Google delivers software online. Cisco, like Apple, delivers software embedded in devices, which it largely contracts to others to make. But there is a key difference, too. The other three have established dominant positions in their markets, which fends off rivals and keeps margins high. Apple is a distant No. 3 in PCs. It dominates personal music players, but it has a much more modest share if you define the consumer electronics market more broadly. Still, Apple maintains margins through a combination of innovation and marketing that leads consumers to prefer its brand. That’s a great achievement, but it is harder to maintain that edge than an operating-system monopoly. For an investor, one question is whether Apple can capitalize on its momentum to catapult itself to a business that doesn’t depend so much on each successive product introduction. To do so, Apple will increasingly find itself battling with the three other companies at the top of the tech totem pole. Microsoft, of course, thought that it had defeated Apple in the operating system a decade ago, only to find its rival has revived, stronger than ever. If the battle of the future is server-based applications delivered on browsers, the battle pits Microsoft, Apple, Google and the collective forces of open-source software against one another. In that world, Apple has some choices to make: Will its iLife and iWork applications move onto the Web? More importantly, will it compete in the mass business PC market, where the C. I. O. of an insurance company buys desktops by the truckload? Price is more important than styling there. Steve Jobs hasn’t liked commodity businesses. He said he didn’t want to do a deal with a cellphone carrier either, but he found a way to hold his nose and cut a rather advantageous deal with AT&T. So who knows if he will go after Microsoft’s corporate market? A safer bet is that the real rivalry will be between Windows and some form of Linux, with Hewlett-Packard and Dell, the No. and No. 2 PC makers, building machines of both flavors and Cisco making the routers. The other, perhaps bigger, battle is over who will control the world of connected entertainment and communications. The iPod begat the iPhone and Apple TV, of course. But Microsoft has been working on media and cellphone software for a decade. And Google is shaping up to be a key player in cellphone software, video distri bution, and any other service or device on which it can display advertising. That brings us to Cisco, which wants to get out more and have some fun. It bought several social networks, as well as Linksys, the home network company, and Scientific Atlanta, the cable set-top-box company. Now it has declared that it will develop an â€Å"entertainment operating system. † No one knows what an entertainment operating system is. But I suspect that if Apple can become the dominant player in that market, it has the best chance to keep its position as one of the most valuable technology companies in the world.

Professionalism in Nursing Essay

Abstract Nursing requires not only having the education and compassion of helping others; it requires having a professional outlook. Having and displaying a professional outlook requires you to have the attitude and appearance and the willingness to help others. Professionalism in Nursing Professionalism In order to understand the concept of professionalism, we first need to define the word profession. Webster describes profession as a â€Å"chosen, paid occupation requiring prolonged training and formal qualification.† Professionals therefore can be defined as individuals expected to display competent and skillful behaviors in alignment with their profession. Being professional then is the act of behaving in a manner defined and expected by the chosen profession. This framework for professionalism in nursing began with our early roots with Florence Nightingale who set the bar rather high in regards to giving of herself to others and her expectation of excellence in practice. She was an inventor, a visionary, a missionary and she delivered all with a commitment to passion and love. We as nurses are no different. We bear the tremendous responsibility of upholding the values of our profession. Our core nursing values define the driving force that dictates our beliefs and our behaviors.( Welling RE, Boberg JT. 2010) Nursing as a profession embodies many values inherent in those who pursue nursing careers. When nurses are asked to identify their core values, they are surprisingly consistent throughout the profession globally. They include honesty, responsibility, pursuit of new knowledge, belief in human dignity, equality of all patients and the desire to prevent and alleviate suffering. In other words, all of us as nurses have chosen this profession to help others in need and to improve the quality of life for all. That mantra has not changed since the days of Florence Nightingale.( Welling RE, Boberg JT. 2010) So how does this transfer to the expectations of your practice wherever you interface with patients? Your professionalism will be judged in your personal behaviors and how you present yourself to all those around you, and through those behaviors, you tell the world who you are. Components of your professionalism include your attitude, your appearance and your willingness to help others.(Doukas, D.J 2009) Attitude Attitude is everything! The way you view your world and portray that view to others is everything. I am sure that you all can identify someone in your work environment with a terrible attitude that does their best to make the rest of the staff miserable. Unfortunately, many times they are successful pulling everyone into the puddle with them. People behave like this because they are looking for attention and by sucking everyone else into their drama they get that attention and control the environment. This type of behavior is counter to the expectations of the nursing profession to focus on helping others rather than focusing on our own problems. Personal issues need to be left at home and not taken into the work area. There are always going to be times when we face issues in our lives that threaten our positive outlook. I find it helpful to be grateful for everything I have. I believe that waking up in the morning is the best thing that can happen to me and the rest of the day becomes a gift. My mom told me this story about how she had the opportunity to meet a wonderful lady who lost her daughter to cancer recently. A tremendous lesson for her was to be grateful for every minute she had with her daughter and to convert the â€Å"have to’s† to the â€Å"get to’s.† When her daughter was depressed that she had to go for more chemotherapy, she reframed that to the fact that she â€Å"got to† go for more chemotherapy which kept her alive for much longer. If we begin to be grateful for what we have, our whole outlook on life changes and the way we relate to people becomes more meaningful. Be grateful because you â€Å"get to† be a nurse, you get to pick up your kids from sports, you get to go grocery shopping, you get to wake up in the morning: the list goes on and on.(Cruess, R.L 2006)( Blumenthal D. 2009) Appearance There is no way around the fact that people judge you by your personal appearance. Clean scrubs, neat hair, clean shoes and a well groomed look makes the statement that you care about yourself as a person and therefore have the capacity to care about others. People that look sloppy may be perceived by others as unorganized, lazy, and uncaring. If you do not care about yourself, how can you truly care for others? A little attention to how you look goes a long way to display your professionalism.(Welling, R.N 2010)( Blumenthal D.2009) Willingness to Help Others What has amazed me in nursing since I have been going to different clinical sites for 4 years is the observation that nurses do not necessarily support each other as we should. There needs to be solidarity in our profession, and yet, what I have observed, is a more individualized approach where we, as nurses, are more worried about ourselves than the whole of the profession. This translates into your willingness to help others and to work together as a team, as well as speak positively about your profession whenever you can. Remember, your profession is different than your job. At times we, as nurses, may tend to talk negatively about the nursing profession because we do not like where we work, and that you have control over. There is no question that nursing is a tough profession, both physically and mentally, and that with changes in the economy and the pressures of health care reform, the work environment will become even more challenging. To survive and actually thrive in nursing, we will all need to pull together as a profession and begin by working together at the bedside and being great team players willing to support each other. Something magical happens when we give to others; wonderful things begin to come back to us in far greater ways than what we have originally given.(Inui, T.S 2008) Nurses are the most trusted profession in the world; we have so much to give. Show the world how wonderful we are by always putting your best foot forward not only for yourself, but for all of us in this wonderful profession! Make a difference! References Cruess RL, Cruess SR. Teaching medicine as a profession in the service of healing. Academic Medicine 2006; 72: 941-952. Medical Professionalism in the New Millenium: A Physician Charter. Ann Intern Med 2008;136: 243-246 Inui, T.S. A Flag in the Wind: Educating for Professionalism in Medicine. Assoication of American Medical Colleges 2008 Doukas, D.J. Where is the Virtue in ProfPessionalism. Cambridge Quarterly in Healthcare Ethics. 2009; 12: 147-154. Blumenthal D. Nurses in a wired world: can professionalism survive connectivity? The Milbank Quarterly. 2009;80(3):525-46, iv. Panush RS. Not for sale, not even for rent: just say no. Thoughts about the American College of Rheumatology adopting a code of ethics. The Journal of Rheumatology. 2010 May;29(5):1049-57. Chervenak FA, McCullough LB. Neglected ethical dimensions of the professional liability crisis. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009 May;190(5):1198-200. Welling RE, Boberg JT. Professionalism: lifelong commitmen t for nurses. Archives of Nurses. 2010 Mar;138(3):262-4; discussion 264.

12 Angry Men: Jury’s Conflict Involved on Verdict Essay

Any jury trial is bound to have some sort of conflict involved when coming to a verdict. The portrayal of a murder case in the movie, 12 Angry Men, involves many different examples of conflict, as well as the approaches to conflict used by different characters. Almost every conversation in the film involves conflict, since the characters are all debating whether or not the boy being tried for murder is guilty or not, but there are a few scenes in which different types of conflict and different approaches to conflict seem to stand out. The room in which the men are sitting and debating the case has a table with each of the men sitting around it. Jury member number one, who sits at the head of the table, takes on the role as the leader of the discussion by formatting how the voting goes and asking all members whether they agree to any decisions made. In one scene, the older man with the summer cold comes over to jury member number one and tells, â€Å"stop being a kid. K. I. D. Kid.† Jury member number one responds, â€Å"Just because I am trying to keep this thing organized? Here, you take the responsibility. I’ll just keep my mouth shut, that’s all.† This scene is an example of Ego/Identity conflict because of the beliefs that the man with the cold see’s jury member number one as being a kid because he is younger than him. Jury member number one seemed to take the responsibility of leading the group just because of his number, but the man with the cold seemed to get upset and cre ate a conflict with him because of his age. See more:  Social Satire in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay The different types of characters in the jury decision create many different examples of approaches to conflict. Jury member number two, the quiet man with the glasses, becomes the target of many of the other characters. When the men are all going around and explaining their reasons for why they feel the boy is guilty, Jury member number three interrupts and says, â€Å"what about the switch-knife found in the man’s chest?† Jury member number two says, â€Å"Wait a second, there are some people who haven’t talked yet, shouldn’t we go in order?† Jury member number three says, â€Å"forget about the people who haven’t gone yet, be quiet will ya?† This causes jury member number two to quiet down and not respond. This approach to conflict is an example of competing because of the win-lose outcome of the conflict. Jury member number three makes sure that he uses his alpha male status and shuts down jury member number two without any complai nt. The last situation is an example of conflict as well as the approach to conflict. When the men choose to make an anonymous vote and one of them writes â€Å"not guilty† on the paper, jury member number three calls out the man who had grown up in the slums and says that he changed his vote because he fell for the preaching of the first member who felt the boy was not guilty. After yelling at the man, the old man finally admits to changing is vote. Later, jury member number three attempts to apologize for calling out the man who grew up in the slums and he just walks right past him without responding. This is an example of Ego/Identity conflict because jury member number three judged the man who grew up in the slums and expected him to change his vote because of his past. The approach to the conflict later is avoidance because the man who grew up in the slums chooses to not respond to the apology and walk right past the man without getting into any type of conflict.

Science and Religion

Science and Religion (SRP 420) Science and Religion–two disciplines that at first glance seem to be completely separate modes of thought. After more careful examination one comes to realize that they bump into each other often. Indeed, science and religion seem to have a complex history involving both conflict and resolution. Many theologians, philosophers, and scientists have developed theories on how science and religion can coexist. One such man is John Polkinghorne a scientist and philosopher; he has developed his own theory on the relationship between science and religion.In the first chapter of his book Quarks, Chaos, and Christianity Polkinghorne lays out his theory for the coexistence of science and religion. He begins by discussing the impressiveness of science and its many accomplishments. Next he goes on to discuss the truth of religion and challenges the claim that religion is simply a personal truth or an opinion, while science is fact. He quickly claims this stat ement is false, because making this conclusion would be a, â€Å"fundamental mistake of the most disastrous kind† (Polkinghorne, 2).This faulty conclusion about the integration of science and religion, according to Polkinghorne, has is often made because of two mistakes: about the basis of scientific knowledge and the other about religious belief. The general mistake that has been made about science is that it is a simple process in which a prediction is formulated, an experiment is performed, and presto a new discovery is made. In actuality there is much more involved in the art of scientific discovery. For instance, scientists often do not have pure facts, but rather they are dealing with knowledge that they must interpret for themselves.To interpret knowledge, according to Polkinghorne, is often quite difficult and requires one to formulate a point of view or an opinion in order to reach a conclusion. Choosing a point of view or having an opinion requires people to be bold and brave because they are betting things happen in a certain way. Therefore in science fact and opinion are constantly mixed up with one another. The major mistake people make in religion is that is that it involves a kind of â€Å"leap into the dark† (Polkinghorne, 10). While religion does involve faith and faith does sometimes require a leap, it is in no way a leap into the dark.Polkinghorne criticizes this theory by asking a variety of questions such as: what would be the purpose of religion if this were true? Why would anyone be religious if it involved such blind trust? (Polkinghorne, 2) Therefore, he concludes religion must be a leap of faith, but it is a leap into the light. The main point Polkinghorne is making here is that religion can only be of real value if it is actually true, otherwise he claims religion would simply only be a, â€Å"technique for whistling in the dark to keep our spirits up† (Polkinghorne, 14).The conclusion reached at the end of the a rgument is that science and religion are â€Å"intellectual cousins,† (Polkinghorne, 11) in that they are both searching for truth, but neither can say that they have achieved it and each must base its conclusions on an interaction between interpretation, experience, and opinion. They both also must always be open to corrections if mistakes are found, because they are part of a kind of wonderful human journey to understand and be in sync with the physical and spiritual world around us.Nevertheless, there are major differences between science and religion that cannot be overlooked, and Polikinghorne points out these differences. Essentially science is dealing with a physical world that we are able to poke and prod even if we cannot always see exactly what is happening. However, religion cannot be put to an experimental test in the same way that science can. Although science and religion are different in this way they are still both attempts to understand even if they go about in different ways. Overall, I think Polkinghorne offered a solid argument for the coexistence of science and religion.As a science major I really appreciate the fact that Polkinghorne is an inhabitant of both the scientific and religious community. Like Polkinghorne I agree with the argument that neither science nor religion can offer an ultimate understanding of the world around us, but if they work together in harmony it is possible that they will eventually be able to achieve a greater understanding. In considering science and religion one must understand that neither can tell you everything and believing that one form of knowing can tell you everything forces a person to take a very diminished view of life.In conclusion, Polkinghorne offers a simple and straightforward argument for how science and religion can exist together without contradiction. While the argument if fairly simple it is also effective and the main point is that science and religion are just different attempts to answer the same questions. Neither can answer these questions on their own to achieve greater understanding of the physical and spiritual world around us, both science and religion must be considered. Works Cited Polikinghorne, John. Quarks, Chaos, & Christianity. NY: Crossroads, 1994.

Homework Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Homework - Coursework Example The movement called for the formation of a sub treasury, land reform, currency reform, and the empowerment of the common people. The movement advocated for anti-elitist opposition in confronting mainstream parties and established interest. Eugene V. Debs was instrumental in leading the workers revolt in Pullman town. Debs was influential in forming the American Railway Union-ARU, which included unskilled and skilled workers into one organization (Roark et al 413). Through his leadership of the ARU, he intended at assisting the striking workers of Pullman in their struggle. His action to spearhead the Pullman strike ensured that he boycotted the court’s injunction and this eventually saw him incarcerated while the striking workers quest got defeated by the government in collusion with the industrialists. America’s war with Spain was prompted by a moral outcry over the Spanish colonial regime’s treatment of Cuban revolutionaries who had launched a fight for independence. The war against Spain appears to have been fraud fuelled by yellow journalism that arose from newspaper competition between Joseph Pulitzer’s ‘world’ and William Randolph Hearst’s ‘journal’ (Roark et al 486). Further pressure from expansionists who had business interests in Cuba as well as Asia contributed to the

Role of Reforms in American Society since 1877 to Present Assignment

Role of Reforms in American Society since 1877 to Present - Assignment Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that populism is perhaps the most serious reform movement which greatly threatened the two-party system in American history. Populism was established on the basis of the panic movement of 1873.in this regard, many farmers especially those in the Mid-West and South greatly felt the impact of the Panic. They felt sidelined from the recovery benefits, as the only ones who benefited were the financial and industrial class of the East. Basing on free coinage of silver and the government ownership of railways, the Populist Party was established. They nominated J.B. Weaver for the presidency, who became a major threat to the Democrats. This prompted the Democratic Party, under William Jennings Bryan to adopt some of the populist reforms agenda with the quest to garb the Populist vote in 1896.this witnessed the demise of popularism in the Southern states. Progressivism is the period between the 1890’s to 1920’s mark ed with social activists plus political reforms. The movement was majorly aimed at purifying the government by eliminating corruption. Many progressivism proponents advocated for major reforms in the local government, medicine, education, industries, churches, insurance, finance and several other areas. The movement initially began its operations at local levels and later penetrated the national arena. Its main supporters came from the middle-class people mainly business people, lawyers, physicians, teachers, ministers among others. The significant reforms championed by this movement include the direct election of senators, the Prohibition, the Women’s suffrage, the Sixteenth Amendments and the Nineteenth Amendments among others. The New Deal, on the other hand, is a progression of economic programs between 1933 and 1936, which were implemented in the United States.